Posts tagged drupal

Friday Links – January 8th 2010

It’s time for me to take another stab at occasional link blogging. While I really appreciate those who blog individual links, I seem to keep coming back to ways of packaging links. Here’s a first installment for 2010:

Last month may have been the time for advent calendars—with Drew’s 24ways yet again containing many excellent articles that have me very excited about HTML5—but the jQuery team have decided to follow a similar model in the run up to the release of version 1.4. jQuery14.com kicks off on January 14th, but already has details of their new API website based on the contents of the jQuery Reference Guide.

The folks (downstairs from our new office) at the Really Interesting Group have been keeping busy. Not only can you now see the price list for Newspaper Club (want to make a newspaper like we did at Greenbelt? Newspaper Club should be your first port of call) but you can also read about the fun they had exposing data in Christmas presents. On the newspaper front, I found the idea of the Nashville Retrospect fascinating – it’s a free monthly newspaper devoted to Nashville nostalgia and history.

There’s all sorts of excitement around key-value store Redis. Simon Willison pointed out that the addition of BLPOP and BRPOP support over Christmas means you can use it to drive a queue server without polling. Ezra Zygmuntowicz has been working on an Actor library for ruby based on it. And there’s lots more. It’s good to see that the NoSQL/LessSQL movement is developing beyond simply replacing relational databases and opening up new possibilities and techniques.

For those of us who work with drupal, Project Verity could be quite a boon. Mark Boulton and Leisa Reichelt quite rightly point out that If you’re a company that takes pride in good design and user experience, handing over a Drupal backend can be a bit embarrassing and difficult to reconcile with your company philosophy. Project Verity is their response and while I’ve not actually seen it, I suspect those two are likely to be onto something. It certainly would be nice to be able to deliver a drupal site with a friendly face for admins. I’ve not really been tracking drupal 7 development, and hopefully it’ll reduce the need for such projects. If not, I imagine a port won’t take long to surface.

Given that I’ve been playing around with a Palm Pre and WebOS lately I’m delighted to see Palm using github. There’s a fair range of sample code that comes with the SDK, but this looks likely to be more comprehensive and it’ll be fascinating to see what develops as people begin to fork the code, throw in comments, etc.

Selected (belated, extended) Saturday Links

The past two weeks haven’t really left time to compile my selected links, though there have been many. A few days at SxSWi (on which more, later) followed by travelling with the family and the inevitable work backlog moved blogging way down the priority list. So here’s a mammoth selection to get me caught up. Particularly interesting has been the discussion around the future of newspapers (represented here by Clay Shirky, Steven Johnson and Russell Davies), which seem to have finally pushed beyond “how t ind a good business model for papers” to looking at where the real value for society lies and how we can preserve and extend that in a changing landscape.

Selected Saturday Links

Big themes this week have mostly revolved around twitter, facebook, and openness. Some have focussed on facebook redesigning to embrace a more twitter-like “web of flow” approach, and others on the fact that they’re jumping on various open web bandwagons. It’s been interesting to see some tie in with the government transparency thinking going around, as particularly noted by Chris Messina on FactoryCity. Meanwhile there are quite a few nice new tools emerging, and I really must try heroku one of these days.

Book Review: Learning Drupal 6 Module Development

Book Sleeve: Learning Drupal 6 Module DevelopmentLast autumn’s release of Pro Drupal Development was a significant moment in the history of the popular CMS, providing for the first time a relatively comprehensive guide for those wanting to do more than simply manage and skin a drupal site. A number of books have followed it but few have delved as deeply or been such a definitive guide.

Like most of the more recent books, Learning Drupal 6 Module Development focusses on a quite specific area of drupal development, but its a key one for any serious developer and touches every other area of the system. Experienced PHP developers may find that this book (in conjunction with some time for experimentation) will serve as a solid introduction to how they might build applications on top of drupal.

The book focusses on a single project—a website providing biographies of philosophers—and builds the modules it needs, introducing the various available tools and techniques along the way. Much of the time is devoted to generating custom content types, but there’s very solid coverage of the hooks, filters, and actions that let modules really take integrate with the rest of the framework. Theming your output, using AJAX, and working with web services all get some time and illustrate how your app can be part of the wider web and keep up with its prevailing trends. A number of times I found myself reaching for code I’d written over the past few months to make amendments based on examples in the book.

I’ve been quite critical of books from packt lately and some of my criticisms apply here—he book itself feels flimsy and the print quality is poor—but this is also evidence that if an author and editor put the work in they do occasionally produce quality material despite the publisher. There are a number of asides that clarify language which demonstrate an attention to detail too often missing. It would have been good to see clearer signposts as to which features are new in Drupal 6 and which were available previously, but the online API docs can provide most of that.

When I reviewed Pro Drupal Development I noted some disappointment that the book didn’t devote any time to automated testing of drupal code, and that criticism applies here too. Along with staged deployments, automated testing remains one of the least considered aspects of drupal and that’s a serious concern for those looking to build robust well-managed applications on top of it. There are a few good articles online about how to test drupal code, but it would be good to see it taken more seriously as a core part of the module development process.

This book is likely to sit alongside Pro Drupal Development on my desk whenever I’m working on a drupal project and is a worthwhile investment for anyone who spends much time building drupal modules. There are clear areas for improved coverage, but it is as comprehensive an account as you’ll find of how to build modules that take full advantage of the facilities Drupal provides.

Disclaimer: I was sent a copy of this book for review by the publisher. You can find it at amazon US, amazon UK and all sorts of other places.

Deploying a Drupal Site with Capistrano 2

A little over a year ago I wrote up some instructions for deploying drupal sites using capistrano. It’s proved a popular entry, still getting a good bit of traffic, but in the time since I wrote it Capistrano 2 has joined us and my techniques have moved on, so it seemed high time I updated the instructions with some new ones.

As before, I’m going to presume that anyone reading this already has capistrano installed and has shell access to their server. If you need help with the former, I’d recommend stopping by the Capistrano website, and for the latter you should probably talk to your hosting company.

My approach is to keep each site’s assets (modules, themes, etc) within that site’s folder, and then store each site in version control (git or subversion). In common with capistrano-based rails deployments, I then have the site’s files and images stored in a shared folder and symlinked into the site, so that they can be preserved between deployments.

To get started go into the folder for the site you want to be able to deploy (eg. /path/to/drupal/sites/mysite.com) and type at the command line:

mkdir config
capify .

That will create the basic files for deployment, which you will then need to edit with your configuration details. I start by opening the file config/deploy.rb and deleting everything in it, so as to start with a blank slate. I then put in some overrides to capistrano’s default deployment methods so that they work better with drupal:

set :asset_folders, %W(images files)
 
namespace :deploy do
  desc "Link the asset folders from the shared folder into our site"
  task :finalize_update, :except => { :no_release => true } do
    logger.info 'finalizing update with custom method'
    run "chmod -R g+w #{latest_release}" if fetch(:group_writable, true)
 
    asset_folders.each do |asset|
      run "rm -rf #{release_path}/#{asset}"
      run "ln -nfs #{shared_path}/#{asset} #{release_path}/#{asset}"
    end
  end
 
  desc "Set up the expected application directory structure on all boxes"
  task :setup, :except => { :no_release => true } do
    run <<-CMD
      umask 02 &&
      mkdir -p #{deploy_to} #{releases_path} #{shared_path}
    CMD
    asset_folders.each do |asset|
      run "mkdir #{shared_path}/#{asset}"
    end
  end
 
  task :set_permissions, :except => { :no_release => true } do
    # do nothing
  end
 
  task :restart do
   # do nothing 
  end
end

You then need to set some basic configuration, so also in deploy.rb place:

set :deploy_to, '/path/to/your/drupal/sites'
 
# Make sure this is the domain name of your app as it is 
# what your sites folder will be named
set :site_name, 'staging.scodigo.com'
role :web, "your.server.com"
set :current_path, "#{deploy_to}/#{site_name}"
set :shared_path, "#{deploy_to}/shared/#{site_name}"
set :repository, "svn://your.svn.com/path/to/repos/trunk"

With that in place you’re all ready to go. But there was an extra step I decided to add this time around. Since I am frequently setting up new staging/test sites and often need to upgrade them to new versions of drupal, I wanted to be able to install and update the drupal files using capistrano.

To do that, I wrote a recipe that will grab the tarball for a given release, unpack it and install it, without wiping out an existing sites folder. To add that you will need to put the following code into your deploy.rb file:

namespace :drupal do
  desc <<-DESC
  Grab the specified version of drupal and install it
 
  This presumes that the variables drupal_version and drupal_path have been set
  DESC
 
  task :install do
    run "cd #{shared_path} && curl -O http://ftp.drupal.org/files/projects/drupal-#{drupal_version}.tar.gz"
    run "cd #{shared_path} && tar xzvf drupal-#{drupal_version}.tar.gz"
    run "rm -rf #{shared_path}/drupal-#{drupal_version}/sites"
    run "cd #{drupal_path} && rm -rf !(sites)"
    run "mv #{shared_path}/drupal-#{drupal_version}/* #{drupal_path}"
    run "mv #{shared_path}/drupal-#{drupal_version}/.htaccess #{drupal_path}/.htaccess"
    run "rm -rf #{shared_path}/drupal-#{drupal_version}"
  end
end
 
after "deploy:setup", "drupal:install"
set :drupal_path, File.join(deploy_to, '../')
set :drupal_version, "5.8" # Or whatever version you want to install

(You can download a copy of the combined deploy.rb file here or view it as a pastie here)

Now, to set up your drupal site you just need to change directory to your site and type and command line:

cap deploy:setup

and to deploy a new version:

cap deploy

In practice, I tend to use these techniques in combination with the Capistrano Multistage extension, so that I can deploy a site to a staging server first, and then a production server. I’d highly recommend that approach, but for now will leave it as an exercise for the reader.

Please note that this technique is also designed to support a multi-site drupal set up, but hasn’t been extensively tested in that context. It should work, but no guarantees!